Electronics Guides & Insights
Deep-dive articles, fact sheets, and tutorials to sharpen your skills.
SPI Communication Protocol Explained: Modes, Timing, and Design - NodeLoop
A comprehensive guide to the SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) bus. Covers core signals (SCLK, MOSI, MISO, CS), the 4 SPI modes (CPOL/CPHA) with timing diagrams, multi-slave setups, QSPI, and PCB layout best practices.
NewI2S Audio Interface Explained: Clocks, Data Formats, and PCB Design - NodeLoop
A comprehensive guide to the I2S (Inter-IC Sound) audio interface. Covers core signals (BCLK, LRCK, SDATA, MCLK), clocking modes, data formats (Standard, Left/Right Justified, TDM), and essential PCB layout best practices for optimal audio performance.
NewM.2 (NGFF) Connector Pinout and Keying Explained - NodeLoop
Comprehensive guide to the M.2 (NGFF) connector pinout, including different module keys (B, M, A, E), supported interfaces (PCIe, SATA, USB), and common applications like SSDs, Wi-Fi, and WWAN cards.
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